Episode 149: In this episode of Critical Thinking - Bug Bounty Podcast The DEFCON videos are up, and Justin and Joseph talk through some of their favorites. Follow us on X Got any ideas and suggestions? Feel free to send us any feedback here: [email protected] Shoutout to YTCracker for the awesome intro music! ====== Links ====== Foll…

Unicode: It is more than funny domain names. Unicode can cause a number of issues due to odd features like variance selectors and text direction issues. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Unicode%3A%20It%20is%20more%20than%20funny%20domain%20names./32472 FortiWeb Multiple OS command injection in API and CLI A second silently patched vulnerability in FortiW…

Episode 153: In this episode of Critical Thinking - Bug Bounty Podcast Matt Brown returns to talk with us about hacking robots, IOT hackbots, and his Zero-to-Hero Hardware Hacking Guide. Follow us on twitter at: https://x.com/ctbbpodcast Got any ideas and suggestions? Feel free to send us any feedback here: [email protected] Shoutout …

Maybe a Little Bit More Interesting React2Shell Exploit Attackers are branching out to attack applications that initial exploits may have missed. The latest wave of attacks is going after less common endpoints and attempting to exploit applications that do not have Next.js exposed. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Maybe%20a%20Little%20Bit%20More%20Intere…

Beyond RC4 for Windows authentication Microsoft outlined its transition plan to move away from RC4 for authentication and published guidance and tools to facilitate this change. https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/blog/2025/12/03/beyond-rc4-for-windows-authentication FortiCloud SSO Login Vuln Exploited Arctic Wolf observed exploit attemp…

More React2Shell Exploits CVE-2025-55182 Our honeypots continue to detect numerous React2Shell variants. Some using slightly modified exploits https://isc.sans.edu/diary/More%20React2Shell%20Exploits%20CVE-2025-55182/32572 The Fragile Lock: Novel Bypasses For SAML Authentication SAML is a tricky protocol to implement correctly, in particular if dif…

Abusing DLLs EntryPoint for the Fun DLLs will not just execute code when some of their functions are called, but also as they are loaded. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Abusing%20DLLs%20EntryPoint%20for%20the%20Fun/32562 Apple Patches Everything: December 2025 Edition Apple released patches for all of its operating systems, fixing two already exploited…

Using AI Gemma 3 Locally with a Single CPU Installing AI models on modes hardware is possible and can be useful to experiment with these models on premise https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Using%20AI%20Gemma%203%20Locally%20with%20a%20Single%20CPU%20/32556 Mystery Google Chrome 0-Day Vulnerability Google released an update for Google Chrome fixing a vulne…

Episode 152: In this episode of Critical Thinking - Bug Bounty Podcast we’re joined by Sasi Levi from Noma Security to talk about AI and Agentic Security. We also talk about ForcedLeak, a Google Vertex Bug, and debate if Prompt Injection is a real Vuln. Follow us on twitter at: https://x.com/ctbbpodcast Got any ideas and suggestions? Feel free to s…

Possible exploit variant for CVE-2024-9042 (Kubernetes OS Command Injection) We observed HTTP requests with our honeypot that may be indicative of a new version of an exploit against an older vulnerability. Help us figure out what is going on. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Possible%20exploit%20variant%20for%20CVE-2024-9042%20%28Kubernetes%20OS%20Comma…

Microsoft Patch Tuesday Microsoft released its regular monthly patch on Tuesday, addressing 57 flaws. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Microsoft%20Patch%20Tuesday%20December%202025/32550 Adobe Patches Adobe patched five products. The remote code execution in ColdFusion, as well as the code execution issue in Acrobat, will very likely see exploits soon. h…

nanoKVM Vulnerabilities The nanoKVM device updates firmware insecurely; however, the microphone that the authors of the advisory referred to as undocumented may actually be documented in the underlying hardware description. https://www.tomshardware.com/tech-industry/cyber-security/researcher-finds-undocumented-microphone-and-major-security-flaws-in…

AutoIT3 Compiled Scripts Dropping Shellcodes Malicious AutoIT3 scripts are usign the FileInstall function to include additional scripts at compile time that are dropped as temporary files during execution. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/AutoIT3%20Compiled%20Scripts%20Dropping%20Shellcodes/32542 React2Shell Update The race is on to patch vulnerable syst…

Nation-State Attack or Compromised Government? [Guest Diary] An IP address associated with the Indonesian Government attacked one of our interns' honeypots. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Nation-State%20Attack%20or%20Compromised%20Government%3F%20%5BGuest%20Diary%5D/32536 React Update Working exploits for the React vulnerability patched yesterday are n…

Episode 151: In this episode of Critical Thinking - Bug Bounty Podcast we’re covering Client-side advanced topics. Justin talks Joseph (and us) through Third-Party Cookie Nuances, Iframe Tricks, URL Parsing, and more. Follow us on twitter at: https://x.com/ctbbpodcast Got any ideas and suggestions? Feel free to send us any feedback here: info@criti…

Attempts to Bypass CDNs Our honeypots recently started receiving scans that included CDN specific headers. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Attempts%20to%20Bypass%20CDNs/32532 React Vulnerability CVE-2025-55182 React patched a critical vulnerability in React server components. Exploitation is likely imminent. https://react.dev/blog/2025/12/03/critical-se…

SmartTube Android App Compromise The key a developer used to sign the Android YouTube player SmartTube was compromised and used to publish a malicious version. https://github.com/yuliskov/SmartTube/issues/5131#issue-3670629826 https://github.com/yuliskov/SmartTube/releases/tag/notification Two Years, 17K Downloads: The NPM Malware That Tried to Gas…

Hunting for SharePoint In-Memory ToolShell Payloads A walk-through showing how to analyze ToolShell payloads, starting with acquiring packets all the way to decoding embedded PowerShell commands. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/%5BGuest%20Diary%5D%20Hunting%20for%20SharePoint%20In-Memory%20ToolShell%20Payloads/32524 Android Security Bulletin December 20…

Fake adult websites pop realistic Windows Update screen to deliver stealers via ClickFix The latest variant of ClickFix tricks users into copy/pasting commands by displaying a fake blue screen of death. https://www.acronis.com/en/tru/posts/fake-adult-websites-pop-realistic-windows-update-screen-to-deliver-stealers-via-clickfix/ B2B Guest Access Cre…

Episode 150: In this episode of Critical Thinking - Bug Bounty Podcast we're highlighting some cool news and research, but not before expressing our gratitude to the Hacker community. We are so thankful for you all! Follow us on twitter at: https://x.com/ctbbpodcast Got any ideas and suggestions? Feel free to send us any feedback here: info@critica…

Spyware Allows Cyber Threat Actors to Target Users of Messaging Applications Spyware attacks messaging applications in part by triggering vulnerabilities in messaging applications but also by deploying tools like keystroke loggers and screenshot applications. https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/alerts/2025/11/24/spyware-allows-cyber-threat-actors-targ…

Conflicts between URL mapping and URL based access control. Mapping different URLs to the same script, and relying on URL based authentication at the same time, may lead to dangerous authentication and access control gaps. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Conflicts%20between%20URL%20mapping%20and%20URL%20based%20access%20control./32518 Sha1-Hulud, The Se…

Use of CSS stuffing as an obfuscation technique? Phishing sites stuff their HTML with benign CSS code. This is likely supposed to throw of simple detection engines https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Use%20of%20CSS%20stuffing%20as%20an%20obfuscation%20technique%3F/32510 Critical Oracle Identity Manager Flaw Possibly Exploited as Zero-Day Early exploit attem…

Oracle Identity Manager Exploit Observation from September (CVE-2025-61757) We observed some exploit attempts in September against an Oracle Identity Manager vulnerability that was patched in October, indicating that exploitation may have occurred prior to the patch being released. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Oracle%20Identity%20Manager%20Exploit%20…

KongTuke Activity This diary investigates how a recent Kong Tuke infections evolved all the way from starting with a ClickFix attack. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/KongTuke%20activity/32498 Cloudflare Outage Cloudflare suffered a large outage today after an oversized configuration file was loaded into its bot protection service https://x.com/dok2001 G…

Decoding Binary Numeric Expressions Didier updated his number to hex script to support simple arithmetic operations in the text. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Decoding%20Binary%20Numeric%20Expressions/32490 Tea Token NPM Pollution The NPM repository was hit with around 150,000 submissions that did not contain any useful contributions, but instead atte…

Fortiweb Vulnerability Fortinet, with significant delay, acknowledged a recently patched vulnerability after exploit attempts were seen publicly. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Honeypot+FortiWeb+CVE202564446+Exploits/32486 https://labs.watchtowr.com/when-the-impersonation-function-gets-used-to-impersonate-users-fortinet-fortiweb-auth-bypass/ https://fo…

SmartApeSG campaign uses ClickFix page to push NetSupport RAT A detailed analysis of a recent SamtApeSG campaign taking advantage of ClickFix https://isc.sans.edu/diary/32474 Formbook Delivered Through Multiple Scripts An analysis of a recent version of Formbook showing how it takes advantage of multiple obfuscation tricks https://isc.sans.edu/diar…

Episode 148: In this episode of Critical Thinking - Bug Bounty Podcast Justin gives us a crash course on Model Context Protocol. Follow us on twitter at: https://x.com/ctbbpodcast Got any ideas and suggestions? Feel free to send us any feedback here: [email protected] Shoutout to YTCracker for the awesome intro music! ====== Links ===…

OWASP Top 10 2025 Release Candidate OWASP published a release candidate for the 2025 version of its Top 10 list https://owasp.org/Top10/2025/0x00_2025-Introduction/ Citrix/Cisco Exploitation Details Amazon detailed how Citrix and Cisco vulnerabilities were used by advanced actors to upload webshells https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/security/amazon-disc…

Microsoft Patch Tuesday for November 2025 https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Microsoft+Patch+Tuesday+for+November+2025/32468/ Gladinet Triofox Vulnerability Triofox uses the host header in lieu of proper access control, allowing an attacker to access the page managing administrators by simply setting the host header to localhost. https://cloud.google.com/b…

It isn t always defaults: Scans for 3CX Usernames Our honeypots detected scans for usernames that may be related to 3CX business phone systems https://isc.sans.edu/diary/It%20isn%27t%20always%20defaults%3A%20Scans%20for%203CX%20usernames/32464 Watchguard Default Password Controversy A CVE number was assigned to a default password commonly used in W…

Honeypot Requests for Code Repository Attackers continue to scan websites for source code repositories. Keep your repositories outside your document root and proactively scan your own sites. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Honeypot%3A%20Requests%20for%20%28Code%29%20Repositories/32460 Malicious NuGet Packages Deliver Time-Delayed Destructive Payloads Ne…

Binary Breadcrumbs: Correlating Malware Samples with Honeypot Logs Using PowerShell [Guest Diary] Windows, with PowerShell, has a great scripting platform to match common Linux/Unix command line utilities. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Binary%20Breadcrumbs%3A%20Correlating%20Malware%20Samples%20with%20Honeypot%20Logs%20Using%20PowerShell%20%5BGuest%20…

Episode 147: In this episode of Critical Thinking - Bug Bounty Podcast we're talking tips and tricks that help us in hacking that we really should’ve learned sooner. Follow us on twitter at: https://x.com/ctbbpodcast Got any ideas and suggestions? Feel free to send us any feedback here: [email protected] Shoutout to YTCracker for the …

Updates to Domainname API Some updates to our domainname API will make it more flexible and make it easier and faster to get the complete dataset. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Updates%20to%20Domainname%20API/32452 Microsoft Teams Impersonation and Spoofing Vulnerabilities Checkpoint released details about recently patched spoofing and impersonation v…

Apple Patches Everything, Again Apple released a minor OS upgrade across its lineup, fixing a number of security vulnerabilities. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Apple%20Patches%20Everything%2C%20Again/32448 Remote Access Tools Used to Compromise Trucking and Logistics Attackers infect trucking and logistics companies with regular remote management tool…

XWiki SolrSearch Exploit Attempts CVE-2025-24893 We have detected a number of exploit attempts against XWiki taking advantage of a vulnerability that was added to the KEV list on Friday. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/XWiki%20SolrSearch%20Exploit%20Attempts%20%28CVE-2025-24893%29%20with%20link%20to%20Chicago%20Gangs%20Rappers/32444 AMD Zen 5 Random Num…

Scans for WSUS: Port 8530/8531 TCP, CVE-2025-59287 We did observe an increase in scans for TCP ports 8530 and 8531. These ports are associated with WSUS and the scans are likely looking for servers vulnerable to CVE-2025-59287 https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Scans%20for%20Port%208530%208531%20%28TCP%29.%20Likely%20related%20to%20WSUS%20Vulnerability%20C…

X-Request-Purpose: Identifying "research" and bug bounty related scans? Our honeypots captured a few requests with bug bounty specific headers. These headers are meant to make it easier to identify requests related to bug bounty, and they are supposed to identify the researcher conducting the scans https://isc.sans.edu/diary/X-Request-Purpose%3A%20…

Episode 146: In this episode of Critical Thinking - Bug Bounty Podcast Justin, Joseph, and Brandyn all sit down to celebrate the spooky season by swapping their scariest bug stories. From frightening fails and firings to hacks with chilling and critical consequences. Grab your flashlight and a blanket for this one! Follow us on twitter at: https://…

How to Collect Memory-Only Filesystems on Linux Systems Getting forensically sound copies of memory-only file systems on Linux can be tricky, as tools like dd do not work. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/How%20to%20collect%20memory-only%20filesystems%20on%20Linux%20systems/32432 Microsoft Azure Front Door Outage Today, Microsoft s Azure Front Door servi…

Phishing with Invisible Characters in the Subject Line Phishing emails use invisible UTF-8 encoded characters to break up keywords used to detect phishing (or spam). This is aided by mail clients not rendering some characters that should be rendered. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/A%20phishing%20with%20invisible%20characters%20in%20the%20subject%20line…

Bytes over DNS Didiear investigated which bytes may be transmitted as part of a hostname in DNS packets, depending on the client resolver and recursive resolver constraints https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Bytes%20over%20DNS/32420 Unifi Access Vulnerability Unifi fixed a critical vulnerability in it s Access product https://community.ui.com/releases/Secu…

Bilingual Phishing for Cloud Credentials Guy observed identical phishing messages in French and English attempting to phish cloud credentials https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Phishing%20Cloud%20Account%20for%20Information/32416 Kaitai Struct WebIDE The binary file analysis tool Kaitai Struct is now available in a web only version https://isc.sans.edu/dia…

Infostealer Targeting Android Devices This infostealer, written in Python, specifically targets Android phones. It takes advantage of Termux to gain access to data and exfiltrates it via Telegram. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Infostealer%20Targeting%20Android%20Devices/32414 Attackers exploit recently patched Adobe Commerce Vulnerability CVE-2025-542…

Episode 145: In this episode of Critical Thinking - Bug Bounty Podcast Brandyn lets us in on some of his notetaking tips, including his Templates, Threat Modeling, and ways he uses notes to help with collaboration. Follow us on twitter at: https://x.com/ctbbpodcast Got any ideas and suggestions? Feel free to send us any feedback here: info@critical…

webctrl.cgi/Blue Angel Software Suite Exploit Attempts. Maybe CVE-2025-34033 Variant? Our honeypots detected attacks that appear to exploit CVE-2025-34033 or a similar vulnerability in the Blue Angle Software Suite. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/webctrlcgiBlue+Angel+Software+Suite+Exploit+Attempts+Maybe+CVE202534033+Variant/32410 Oracle Critical Patch…

What time is it? Accuracy of pool.ntp.org. How accurate and reliable is pool.ntp.org? Turns out it is very good! https://isc.sans.edu/diary/What%20time%20is%20it%3F%20Accuracy%20of%20pool.ntp.org./32390 Xubuntu Compromise The Xubuntu website was compromised last weekend and served malware https://floss.social/@bluesabre/115401767635718361 Squid Pro…

Using Syscall() for Obfuscation/Fileless Activity Fileless malware written in Python can uses syscall() to create file descriptors in memory, evading signatures. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Using%20Syscall%28%29%20for%20Obfuscation%20Fileless%20Activity/32384 AWS Outages AWS has had issues most of the day on Monday, affecting numerous services. http…